Athletics comprises a wide range of events and demands a variety of different skills from its participants. There are two broad categories of athletics events - track and field. Track programs are made up of sprint, middle distance, distance, relay, hurdle and walking events. Field programs include throwing events and jumping for distance and height. Also Marathon and long distance walking events take place outside the stadium on roads. Maximum inclinations For running and jumping events the maximum inclinations are 1:100 in the lateral direction and 1:1000 in the running direction. For throwing events the maximum inclinations for the runways are 1:100 in the lateral direction and 1:1000 in the running direction; throwing fields have a maximum inclination of 1:1000. Direction of running All races are run with the competitors’ left hands toward the inside of the track. Lanes All lanes are of uniform width. Finish All races should end at the same point. http://www.athletics.org.nz

Olympic hurdling events are held over 110m and 400m for men and over 100m and 400m for women. In addition, the decathlon includes a 110m hurdles and the heptathlon a 100m hurdles race.
All hurdling events are run in lanes, and there are ten hurdles in each lane.

Sprints
100m
200m
400m


Middle distance
800m
1500m


Long distance
3000m
5000m
10,000m


Relays
4 x 100m
4 x 400m

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Hurdles
100m110m400mSteeplechase3000mRoad racesMarathonWalks10km20km50kmThrowing eventsJavelinShot putDiscusHammerJumping eventsHigh jumpPole vaultLong jumpTriple jumpCombined eventsDecathlonHeptathlonStarts1 100m and 100m hurdles2 110m hurdles3 200m4 400m5 800m6 1500m7 3000m steeplechase8 3000m and 5000m9 10,000m

                                      http://www.athletics.org.nz

 

Hurdles are made of metal with the top bar of wood. They are designed so that a force of 3.6-4kg (8lb-8lb 13 oz) applied to the centre of the top edge of the crossbar is required to overturn them. The height of the hurdles varies with the length of the race and the age and sex of the competitors.

A hurdler will be disqualified if he: trails a foot or leg below the plane of the top of the bar of the hurdle at the instance of clearance; jumps any hurdle not in his own lane; deliberately knocks down any hurdle with his hand or foot.

The following are standard distances:
Men and Boys: 110m, 400m
Women and Girls: 100, 400m

The marathon is 42.195km (26mi 385yd) long. The start and finish are usually in the arena, but the rest of the race is run on made-up roads.

Distances, in kilometres and miles, are displayed to the competitors along the route. Competitors must leave the race if ordered to do so by the medical staff.

Refreshments
Approved refreshments may be taken at official refreshment stations, sited at about 11km (7mi) and then at every 5km (3mi). No other refreshments are allowed. Additional sponging points, supplying water only, are provided midway between the refreshment stations.